Basic Cell Structure

Animal Cell Structure

General design

Extracellular matrix

collagen

pectin

Reproduction of the cell

diploidy

meiosis

gametes

zygote

Cell components

centrioles

centrosome

asters

basal bodies

rootlet system

cilia and flagella

dynein

microtubules

tubulin

axoneme

basal body (kinetosome)

endoplasmic reticulum

resident proteins

chaperone proteins

rough ER

smooth ER

endosomes and endocytosis

receptor-mediated endocytosis

ligands

pinocytosis

phagocytosis

pseudopodia

Golgi apparatus

cisternae

intermediate filaments

keratins

vimentin

desmin

peripherin

neurofilaments

glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)

lamins

lysosomes

acid phosphatase

microfilaments

myosin

actin

G- & F- actin

microtubules

cytoskeleton

tubulins

alpha- & beta-

heterodimers

protofilaments

mitochondria

aerobic respiration

ATP

structure

intermembrane space

matrix

cristae

endosymbiotic origin

nucleus

eukaryote

chromatin & chromosomes

histones

nucleosomes

solenoid

euchromatin

heterochromatin

nucleolus

nucleolus organizer regions

rRNA

SnRNP

nuclear envelope

perinuclear space

nuclear lamina

nuclear pores

nuclear pore complex

peroxisomes

plasma membrane

ribosomes

Questions for thought

1.		What role does the centriole play in cell division?
2.		Diagram a basic animal cell and label its organelles?
3.		Describe the role of the mitochondrion in cellular respiration.
4.		List and describe the three basic type of endocytosis.
5.		What is the structure of a microtubule? Describe at least three functions for the microtubule.
6.		What is meant by the term chromatin? How is it arranged in the nucleus, and what is its function?
7.		Describe the endoplasmic reticulum. What is the relation between design and function of the two major types?

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